{"id":1321,"date":"2026-03-15T14:30:18","date_gmt":"2026-03-15T14:30:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/?p=1321"},"modified":"2026-03-15T15:22:48","modified_gmt":"2026-03-15T15:22:48","slug":"organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat","title":{"rendered":"MCAT\u8003\u8a66\u4e2d\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u547d\u540d\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>\u529f\u80fd\u57fa\u5718\u548c IUPAC \u547d\u540d\u6cd5\u7684\u5168\u9762\u56de\u9867<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u59cb\u65bc\u8a9e\u8a00\u3002\u5b78\u751f\u5728\u80fd\u5920\u5206\u6790\u53cd\u61c9\u6a5f\u5236\u3001\u9810\u6e2c\u7522\u7269\u6216\u89e3\u91cb\u751f\u5316\u9014\u5f91\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c, <strong>\u4ed6\u5011\u5fc5\u9808\u80fd\u5920\u7cbe\u78ba\u5730\u8b58\u5225\u548c\u63cf\u8ff0\u5206\u5b50\u3002<\/strong>. \u547d\u540d\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u5373\u5c0d\u5316\u5b78\u5316\u5408\u7269\u9032\u884c\u7cfb\u7d71\u547d\u540d\u2014\u2014\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u8a9e\u8a00\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u70baMCAT\u8003\u8a66\u505a\u6e96\u5099\uff0c, <strong>\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\u5c24\u5176\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8003\u8a66\u4e2d\u7d93\u5e38\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u6216\u984c\u5e79\u4e2d\u4ee5\u540d\u7a31\u7d66\u51fa\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u7b54\u6848\u9078\u9805\u53ef\u80fd\u986f\u793a\u7684\u662f\u7d50\u69cb\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u540d\u7a31\u3002.<\/strong> \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u4e14\u6e96\u78ba\u5730\u9032\u884c\u9019\u5169\u7a2e\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u7ffb\u8b6f\u5c0d\u65bc\u89e3\u6c7a\u8a31\u591a\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u554f\u984c\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5118\u7ba1\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\u554f\u984c\u5728MCAT\u8003\u8a66\u4e2d\u5f88\u5c11\u55ae\u7368\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u537b\u662f\u5927\u7d044%\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u5167\u5bb9\u7684\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u4e26\u70ba\u8a31\u591a\u6d89\u53ca\u53cd\u61c9\u3001\u5be6\u9a57\u6280\u8853\u548c\u751f\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u554f\u984c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u652f\u6490\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u4ecb\u7d39\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u4e2d\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u547d\u540d\u898f\u5247\u3002 <strong>\u7e3d\u7d50\u4e86\u91ab\u5b78\u9810\u79d1\u5b78\u751f\u5728\u8003\u8a66\u7576\u5929\u61c9\u8a72\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u7d44\u548c\u547d\u540d\u7b56\u7565\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"cursor:pointer\">\u5167\u5bb9<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat\/#1_Foundations_of_Organic_Nomenclature_and_IUPAC_Naming\" >1. \u6709\u6a5f\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\u548cIUPAC\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u790e<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat\/#The_Five-Step_IUPAC_Naming_Strategy\" >IUPAC\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\u7684\u4e94\u6b65\u9a5f\u7b56\u7565<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat\/#1_Identify_the_Parent_Carbon_Chain\" >1. \u78ba\u5b9a\u6bcd\u78b3\u93c8<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat\/#2_Number_the_Carbon_Chain\" >2. \u5c0d\u78b3\u93c8\u9032\u884c\u7de8\u865f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat\/#3_Identify_and_Name_Substituents\" >3. \u8fa8\u8b58\u4e26\u547d\u540d\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat\/#4_Assign_Numbers_to_Substituents\" >4. \u7d66\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u7de8\u865f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat\/#5_Assemble_the_Full_Name\" >5. \u7d44\u6210\u5168\u540d<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat\/#2_Hydrocarbons_and_Alcohols\" >2. \u70f4\u985e\u548c\u9187\u985e<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat\/#Alkanes\" >\u70f7\u70f4<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat\/#Alkenes_and_Alkynes\" >\u70ef\u70f4\u548c\u7094\u70f4<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat\/#Alcohols\" >\u9187\u985e<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat\/#3_Carbonyl_Compounds_Aldehydes_and_Ketones\" >3. \u7fb0\u57fa\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff1a\u919b\u548c\u916e<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat\/#Aldehydes\" >\u919b\u985e<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat\/#Ketones\" >\u916e\u985e<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat\/#Carbonyl-Based_Terminology\" >\u7fb0\u57fa\u5316\u5408\u7269\u8853\u8a9e<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat\/#4_Carboxylic_Acids_and_Their_Derivatives\" >4. \u7fa7\u9178\u53ca\u5176\u884d\u751f\u7269<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat\/#Carboxylic_Acids\" >\u7fa7\u9178<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat\/#Esters\" >\u916f\u985e<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat\/#Amides\" >\u91af\u80fa<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat\/#Anhydrides\" >\u9178\u9150<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat\/#5_Functional_Group_Priority_and_MCAT_Relevance\" >5. \u529f\u80fd\u7d44\u512a\u5148\u6b0a\u548cMCAT\u76f8\u95dc\u6027<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat\/#Final_Perspective_Why_Nomenclature_Matters_for_the_MCAT\" >\u6700\u7d42\u89c0\u9ede\uff1a\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u547d\u540d\u898f\u5247\u5c0dMCAT\u8003\u8a66\u5f88\u91cd\u8981<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-1-foundations-of-organic-nomenclature-and-iupac-naming\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Foundations_of_Organic_Nomenclature_and_IUPAC_Naming\"><\/span>1. \u6709\u6a5f\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\u548cIUPAC\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u790e<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>\u73fe\u4ee3\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5408\u7269\u547d\u540d\u9ad4\u4fc2\u7531\u570b\u969b\u7d14\u7cb9\u8207\u61c9\u7528\u5316\u5b78\u806f\u5408\u6703\uff08IUPAC\uff09\u5efa\u7acb\u3002\u8a72\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\uff1a <strong>\u6bcf\u7a2e\u5316\u5408\u7269\u90fd\u61c9\u8a72\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u8207\u7279\u5b9a\u7d50\u69cb\u76f8\u5c0d\u61c9\u7684\u660e\u78ba\u540d\u7a31\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6c92\u6709\u6a19\u6e96\u5316\u7684\u898f\u5247\uff0c\u5316\u5b78\u547d\u540d\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u6703\u8b8a\u5f97\u6df7\u4e82\u2014\u2014\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u91ab\u85e5\u548c\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u5206\u5b50\u90fd\u542b\u6709\u9577\u78b3\u93c8\u3001\u591a\u500b\u529f\u80fd\u57fa\u5718\u548c\u591a\u500b\u7acb\u9ad4\u5316\u5b78\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u70ba\u4e86\u78ba\u4fdd\u6e05\u6670\u6027\uff0cIUPAC \u547d\u540d\u6cd5\u9075\u5faa\u7d50\u69cb\u5316\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u7cfb\u7d71\u5730\u8fa8\u8b58\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u78b3\u9aa8\u67b6\u3001\u5b98\u80fd\u57fa\u548c\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-five-step-iupac-naming-strategy\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Five-Step_IUPAC_Naming_Strategy\"><\/span>IUPAC\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\u7684\u4e94\u6b65\u9a5f\u7b56\u7565<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-1-identify-the-parent-carbon-chain\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Identify_the_Parent_Carbon_Chain\"><\/span>1. \u78ba\u5b9a\u6bcd\u78b3\u93c8<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u627e\u5230\u542b\u6709\u6700\u9ad8\u512a\u5148\u5b98\u80fd\u57fa\u6700\u9577\u7684\u9023\u7e8c\u78b3\u93c8\u3002. <\/strong>\u9019\u689d\u93c8\u69cb\u6210\u4e86\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u9aa8\u67b6\uff0c\u4e26\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4e86\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u6839\u540d\u7a31\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u591a\u689d\u93c8\u7684\u9577\u5ea6\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5247\u9078\u64c7\u542b\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u6216\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u5b98\u80fd\u57fa\u7684\u93c8\u3002\u5728\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6bcd\u9ad4\u7d50\u69cb\u6642\uff0c\u4e5f\u5fc5\u9808\u8003\u616e\u96d9\u9375\u548c\u4e09\u9375\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9019\u500b\u540d\u7a31\u7684\u5b57\u6839\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u78b3\u93c8\u4e2d\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u6578\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u6578<\/th><th>\u6839<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>1<\/td><td>\u7532\u57fa\u5b89\u975e\u4ed6\u547d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2<\/td><td>eth-<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3<\/td><td>\u652f\u67f1-<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4<\/td><td>\u4f46-<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5<\/td><td>\u4e94<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6<\/td><td>\u5341\u516d\u9032\u4f4d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>7<\/td><td>\u4e03<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>8<\/td><td>\u5341\u6708-<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>9<\/td><td>\u975e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>10<\/td><td>12\u6708<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u512a\u5148\u9806\u5e8f\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u7d44\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6700\u7d42\u540d\u7a31\u7684\u5f8c\u7db4\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-2-number-the-carbon-chain\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Number_the_Carbon_Chain\"><\/span>2. \u5c0d\u78b3\u93c8\u9032\u884c\u7de8\u865f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4e00\u65e6\u78ba\u5b9a\u4e86\u6bcd\u93c8\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u5c0d\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u9032\u884c\u7de8\u865f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u512a\u5148\u9806\u5e8f\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5b98\u80fd\u57fa\u7372\u5f97\u76e1\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0f\u7684\u7de8\u865f\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u542b\u6709\u591a\u500b\u512a\u5148\u6b0a\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\uff0c\u5247\u7de8\u865f\u65b9\u5411\u61c9\u76e1\u91cf\u6e1b\u5c11\u5206\u914d\u7d66\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u7e3d\u7de8\u865f\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c0d\u65bc\u74b0\u72c0\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u7de8\u865f\u5f9e\u53d6\u4ee3\u5ea6\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u9ede\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u4e26\u671d\u8457\u4f7f\u7de8\u865f\u76e1\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0f\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u9032\u884c\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-3-identify-and-name-substituents\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Identify_and_Name_Substituents\"><\/span>3. \u8fa8\u8b58\u4e26\u547d\u540d\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4efb\u4f55\u8207\u6bcd\u93c8\u76f8\u9023\u4f46\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u5728\u6bcd\u93c8\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u5718\u90fd\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u3002\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u4ee5\u524d\u7db4\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5beb\u5728\u6bcd\u93c8\u540d\u7a31\u4e4b\u524d\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u70f4\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u7684\u547d\u540d\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5c07 -ane \u5f8c\u7db4\u66ff\u63db\u70ba -yl\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u6bcd\u70f7\u70f4<\/th><th>\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u7532\u70f7<\/td><td>\u7532\u57fa<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u4e59\u70f7<\/td><td>\u4e59\u57fa<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u4e19\u70f7<\/td><td>\u4e19\u57fa<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u4e01\u70f7<\/td><td>\u4e01\u57fa<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u652f\u93c8\u5f62\u5f0f\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7570\u4e19\u57fa\u3001\u4ef2\u4e01\u57fa\u3001\u53d4\u4e01\u57fa\u6216\u65b0\u620a\u57fa\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7576\u51fa\u73fe\u591a\u500b\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u6642\uff0c\u6578\u5b57\u524d\u7db4\u8868\u793a\u5176\u6578\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u8fea-<\/strong> \uff08\u4e8c\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4e09\u2013<\/strong> \uff08\u4e09\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u56db\u9762\u9ad4<\/strong> \uff08\u56db\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-4-assign-numbers-to-substituents\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Assign_Numbers_to_Substituents\"><\/span>4. \u7d66\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u7de8\u865f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bcf\u500b\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u90fd\u6703\u7372\u5f97\u4e00\u500b\u8207\u5176\u6240\u9023\u63a5\u7684\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u76f8\u5c0d\u61c9\u7684\u7de8\u865f\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u7de8\u865f\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u5e95\u540d\u7a31\u4e4b\u524d\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u500b\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\uff0c\u5247\u6bcf\u500b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u90fd\u5fc5\u9808\u5217\u51fa\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2,3-\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa\u4e01\u70f7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-5-assemble-the-full-name\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Assemble_the_Full_Name\"><\/span>5. \u7d44\u6210\u5168\u540d<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u898f\u5247\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u6309\u5b57\u6bcd\u9806\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\u3002.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5728\u5b57\u6bcd\u6392\u5e8f\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e58\u6cd5\u524d\u7db4\uff08di-\u3001tri-\u3001tetra-\uff09\u5c07\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6578\u5b57\u4e4b\u9593\u7528\u9017\u865f\u5206\u9694\uff0c\u6578\u5b57\u548c\u55ae\u5b57\u4e4b\u9593\u7528\u9023\u5b57\u865f\u5206\u9694\u3002.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u540d\u7a31\u4ee5\u7236\u93c8\u7d50\u5c3e\uff0c\u5f8c\u7db4\u5c0d\u61c9\u65bc\u6700\u9ad8\u512a\u5148\u7d1a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u57fa\u5718\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-2-hydrocarbons-and-alcohols\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Hydrocarbons_and_Alcohols\"><\/span>2. \u70f4\u985e\u548c\u9187\u985e<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>\u70f4\u985e\u662f\u6700\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u69cb\u6210\u4e86\u5927\u591a\u6578\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u9aa8\u67b6\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-alkanes\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Alkanes\"><\/span>\u70f7\u70f4<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u70f7\u70f4\u662f\u50c5\u542b\u6709\u55ae\u9375\u78b3\u78b3\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u98fd\u548c\u70f4\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u901a\u5f0f\u70ba\uff1a<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>C<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><\/msub><msub><mi>H<\/mi><mrow><mn>2<\/mn><mi>n<\/mi><mo>+<\/mo><mn>2<\/mn><\/mrow><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">C_nH_{2n+2}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>CnH2n+2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u70f7\u70f4<\/th><th>\u516c\u5f0f<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u7532\u70f7<\/td><td>CH\u2084<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u4e59\u70f7<\/td><td>C\u2082H\u2086<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u4e19\u70f7<\/td><td>C\u2083H\u2088<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u4e01\u70f7<\/td><td>C\u2084H\u2081\u2080<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u620a\u70f7<\/td><td>C\u2085H\u2081\u2082<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u5df1\u70f7<\/td><td>C\u2086H\u2081\u2084<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9e75\u7d20\u7d93\u5e38\u4f5c\u70ba\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u70f7\u70f4\u4e0a\uff0c\u5176\u547d\u540d\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u524d\u7db4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6c1f-<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6c2f<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6eb4-<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7898-<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-alkenes-and-alkynes\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Alkenes_and_Alkynes\"><\/span>\u70ef\u70f4\u548c\u7094\u70f4<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u98fd\u548c\u70f4\u542b\u6709\u78b3\u78b3\u591a\u91cd\u9375\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u70ef\u70f4\u542b\u6709\u96d9\u9375\uff0c\u4e26\u4f7f\u7528\u5f8c\u7db4\u3002 <strong>\u70ef<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7094\u70f4\u542b\u6709\u4e09\u9375\uff0c\u4e26\u4f7f\u7528\u5f8c\u7db4\u3002 <strong>\u2014\u2014yne<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u591a\u91cd\u9375\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5fc5\u9808\u7528\u53c3\u8207\u6b64\u9375\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u7de8\u865f\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u4f86\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>2-\u4e01\u70ef<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1,3-\u4e01\u4e8c\u70ef<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2-\u4e01\u7094<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5118\u7ba1 MCAT \u8003\u8a66\u4e2d\u8f03\u5c11\u5f37\u8abf\u6d89\u53ca\u9019\u4e9b\u6309\u9375\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u6a5f\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u8b58\u5225\u9019\u4e9b\u5f8c\u7db4\u4ecd\u7136\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-alcohols\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Alcohols\"><\/span>\u9187\u985e<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9187\u985e\u5316\u5408\u7269\u542b\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u8207\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u76f8\u9023\u7684\u7fa5\u57fa\uff08-OH\uff09\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u547d\u540d\u9075\u5faa\u5c0d\u6bcd\u9ad4\u70f7\u70f4\u540d\u7a31\u9032\u884c\u7c21\u55ae\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u539f\u5247\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5c07 -e \u66ff\u63db\u70ba -ol\u3002.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u570b\u969b\u7d14\u7cb9\u8207\u61c9\u7528\u5316\u5b78\u806f\u5408\u6703\u540d\u7a31<\/th><th>\u901a\u7528\u540d<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u4e59\u9187<\/td><td>\u4e59\u9187<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2-\u4e19\u9187<\/td><td>\u7570\u4e19\u9187<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7576\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u591a\u500b\u7fa5\u57fa\u6642\uff0c\u8a72\u5316\u5408\u7269\u5c31\u8b8a\u6210\u4e86\u4e8c\u9187\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5169\u7a2e\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u985e\u578b\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u9130\u4e8c\u9187<\/strong> \u76f8\u9130\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u4e0a\u7684\u7fa5\u57fa<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5055\u4e8c\u9187<\/strong> \u540c\u4e00\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u4e0a\u7684\u7fa5\u57fa<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5055\u4e8c\u9187\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u812b\u6c34\u751f\u6210\u7fb0\u57fa\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u9187\u57fa\u7684\u512a\u5148\u6b0a\u9ad8\u65bc\u96d9\u9375\u6216\u4e09\u9375\uff0c\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u7fa5\u57fa\u901a\u5e38\u6c7a\u5b9a\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u5f8c\u7db4\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-3-carbonyl-compounds-aldehydes-and-ketones\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Carbonyl_Compounds_Aldehydes_and_Ketones\"><\/span>3. \u7fb0\u57fa\u5316\u5408\u7269\uff1a\u919b\u548c\u916e<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u548c\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b78\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5167\u5bb9\u90fd\u570d\u7e5e\u8457\u7fb0\u57fa\u5b98\u80fd\u57fa\u5c55\u958b\uff0c\u7fb0\u57fa\u5b98\u80fd\u57fa\u662f\u7531\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u8207\u6c27\u539f\u5b50\u96d9\u9375\u9023\u63a5\u800c\u6210\u7684\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7fb0\u57fa\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u70ba\u5169\u5927\u985e\uff1a\u919b\u548c\u916e\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-aldehydes\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Aldehydes\"><\/span>\u919b\u985e<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u919b\u985e\u5316\u5408\u7269\u5728\u78b3\u93c8\u672b\u7aef\u542b\u6709\u7fb0\u57fa\uff0c\u7fb0\u57fa\u8207\u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u500b\u6c2b\u539f\u5b50\u76f8\u9023\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b83\u5011\u900f\u904e\u5c07\u70f7\u70f4\u5f8c\u7db4 -e \u66ff\u63db\u70ba -al \u4f86\u547d\u540d\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u570b\u969b\u7d14\u7cb9\u8207\u61c9\u7528\u5316\u5b78\u806f\u5408\u6703\u540d\u7a31<\/th><th>\u901a\u7528\u540d<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u7532\u919b<\/td><td>\u7532\u919b<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u4e59\u919b<\/td><td>\u4e59\u919b<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u4e19\u919b<\/td><td>\u4e19\u919b<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u56e0\u70ba\u919b\u662f\u672b\u7aef\u5b98\u80fd\u57fa\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7fb0\u57fa\u78b3\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u78b3 1\uff0c\u540d\u7a31\u901a\u5e38\u7701\u7565\u8a72\u6578\u5b57\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ketones\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ketones\"><\/span>\u916e\u985e<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u916e\u985e\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u78b3\u93c8\u4e2d\u542b\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u7fb0\u57fa\uff0c\u8a72\u7fb0\u57fa\u8207\u5169\u500b\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u76f8\u9023\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u90fd\u5e36\u6709\u5f8c\u7db4 -one\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>2-\u620a\u916e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>3-\u4e01\u70ef-2-\u916e<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2-\u4e19\u916e\uff08\u4e19\u916e\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8207\u919b\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u916e\u5fc5\u9808\u6307\u5b9a\u7fb0\u57fa\u78b3\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u916e\u985e\u5316\u5408\u7269\u4e5f\u6709\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u547d\u540d\u898f\u5247\uff0c\u5373\u5217\u51fa\u8207\u7fb0\u57fa\u78b3\u76f8\u9023\u7684\u5169\u500b\u70f7\u57fa\uff0c\u5f8c\u9762\u8ddf\u8457\u300c\u916e\u300d\u5b57\u3002 <em>\u916e<\/em>. \u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e59\u57fa\u7532\u57fa\u916e\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-carbonyl-based-terminology\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Carbonyl-Based_Terminology\"><\/span>\u7fb0\u57fa\u5316\u5408\u7269\u8853\u8a9e<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u542b\u6709\u7fb0\u57fa\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u76f8\u9130\u7684\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u5e0c\u81d8\u5b57\u6bcd\u6a19\u8a18\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u03b1\uff08\u03b1\uff09<\/strong> \u2013 \u8207\u7fb0\u57fa\u76f8\u9130\u7684\u78b3\u539f\u5b50<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u03b2\uff08\u8c9d\u5854\uff09<\/strong> \u4e0b\u4e00\u500b\u78b3<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u03b3\uff08\u4f3d\u746a\uff09<\/strong> \u2014\u2014\u7b2c\u4e09\u500b\u78b3\u539f\u5b50<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8a72\u9ad4\u7cfb\u5728\u8a0e\u8ad6 \u03b1-\u6c2b\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u6027\u548c\u9178\u6027\u6642\u88ab\u5ee3\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5f8c\u7e8c\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u4e3b\u984c\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-4-carboxylic-acids-and-their-derivatives\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Carboxylic_Acids_and_Their_Derivatives\"><\/span>4. \u7fa7\u9178\u53ca\u5176\u884d\u751f\u7269<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728MCAT\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u8003\u8a66\u4e2d\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u5b98\u80fd\u57fa\u4e2d\uff0c\u7fa7\u9178\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u901a\u5e38\u6e2c\u8a66\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u6c27\u5316\u614b\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-carboxylic-acids\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Carboxylic_Acids\"><\/span>\u7fa7\u9178<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7fa7\u9178\u540c\u6642\u542b\u6709\u4e0b\u5217\u5169\u7a2e\u6210\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>a <strong>\u7fb0\u57fa\uff08C=O\uff09<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>a <strong>\u7fa5\u57fa\uff08-OH\uff09<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9023\u63a5\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u4e0a\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9019\u4e9b\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u547d\u540d\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5c07\u70f7\u70f4\u5f8c\u7db4 -e \u66ff\u63db\u70ba -oic acid\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u570b\u969b\u7d14\u7cb9\u8207\u61c9\u7528\u5316\u5b78\u806f\u5408\u6703\u540d\u7a31<\/th><th>\u901a\u7528\u540d<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u7532\u9178<\/td><td>\u7532\u9178<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u918b\u9178<\/td><td>\u918b\u9178<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u4e19\u9178<\/td><td>\u4e19\u9178<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7531\u65bc\u5b98\u80fd\u57fa\u4f4d\u65bc\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u672b\u7aef\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7fa7\u57fa\u78b3\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u6307\u5b9a\u70ba\u78b3 1\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-esters\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Esters\"><\/span>\u916f\u985e<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u916f\u662f\u7531\u7fa7\u9178\u7684\u7fa5\u57fa\u88ab\u70f7\u6c27\u57fa\uff08-OR\uff09\u53d6\u4ee3\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u916f\u985e\u540d\u7a31\u5305\u542b\u5169\u500b\u7d44\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u8207\u6c27\u539f\u5b50\u76f8\u9023\u7684\u70f7\u57fa<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6bcd\u9ad4\u9178\u540d\u7a31\u52a0\u4e0a\u5b57\u5c3e -oate<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e19\u9178\u4e59\u916f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u916f\u985e\u5e38\u898b\u65bc\u751f\u7269\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u9999\u6599\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8b58\u5225\u5b83\u5011\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-amides\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Amides\"><\/span>\u91af\u80fa<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u91af\u80fa\u662f\u7531\u7fa7\u9178\u7684\u7fa5\u57fa\u88ab\u6c28\u57fa\u53d6\u4ee3\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u4ee5-\u9170\u80fa\u7d50\u5c3e\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8207\u6c2e\u539f\u5b50\u76f8\u9023\u7684\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u4ee5\u524d\u7db4\u8868\u793a\u3002 <strong>N\u2013<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4e19\u91af\u80fa<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N,N-\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa\u4e59\u91af\u80fa<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u91af\u80fa\u9375\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u5011\u69cb\u6210\u4e86\u9023\u63a5\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u4e2d\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u7684\u52dd\u80bd\u9375\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-anhydrides\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Anhydrides\"><\/span>\u9178\u9150<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u9178\u9150\u662f\u7531\u5169\u500b\u7fa7\u9178\u7d50\u5408\u4e26\u91cb\u653e\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5169\u7a2e\u9178\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5247\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u547d\u540d\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5c07\u9178\u66ff\u63db\u70ba\u9178\u9150\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e59\u9178\u9150<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7531\u5169\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9178\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u5247\u5169\u7a2e\u9178\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u90fd\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u8a72\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u8a5e\u524d\u3002 <em>\u9178\u9150<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-5-functional-group-priority-and-mcat-relevance\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Functional_Group_Priority_and_MCAT_Relevance\"><\/span>5. \u529f\u80fd\u7d44\u512a\u5148\u6b0a\u548cMCAT\u76f8\u95dc\u6027<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5728\u542b\u6709\u591a\u500b\u5b98\u80fd\u57fa\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u512a\u5148\u9806\u5e8f\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5b98\u80fd\u57fa\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5316\u5408\u7269\u540d\u7a31\u7684\u5f8c\u7db4\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b98\u80fd\u57fa\u512a\u5148\u9806\u5e8f\u901a\u5e38\u9075\u5faa\u6c27\u5316\u614b\uff1a\u78b3\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u512a\u5148\u9806\u5e8f\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8207MCAT\u8003\u8a66\u6700\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u9806\u5e8f\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7fa7\u9178 \u2192 \u9178\u9150 \u2192 \u916f \u2192 \u91af\u80fa \u2192 \u919b \u2192 \u916e \u2192 \u9187 \u2192 \u70ef\u70f4\/\u7094\u70f4 \u2192 \u70f7\u70f4<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u512a\u5148\u7d1a\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u57fa\u5718\u5728\u540d\u7a31\u4e2d\u4ee5\u524d\u7db4\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5f8c\u7db4\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u51fa\u73fe\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u500b\u5206\u5b50\u540c\u6642\u542b\u6709\u9187\u548c\u919b\uff0c\u5247\u919b\u512a\u5148\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8a72\u5316\u5408\u7269\u5c07\u547d\u540d\u70ba\u5e36\u6709\u7fa5\u57fa\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u7684\u919b\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u7a2e\u5c64\u7d1a\u7d50\u69cb\u5c0d\u65bc\u89e3\u8b80\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u540d\u7a31\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-final-perspective-why-nomenclature-matters-for-the-mcat\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Final_Perspective_Why_Nomenclature_Matters_for_the_MCAT\"><\/span>\u6700\u7d42\u89c0\u9ede\uff1a\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u547d\u540d\u898f\u5247\u5c0dMCAT\u8003\u8a66\u5f88\u91cd\u8981<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u8a18\u61b6\u547d\u540d\u898f\u5247\u3002\u5b83\u70ba\u7406\u89e3\u5206\u5b50\u7d50\u69cb\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u800c\u5206\u5b50\u7d50\u69cb\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4e86\u5316\u5b78\u6027\u8cea\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c0d\u65bcMCAT\u8003\u751f\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u91ab\u5b78\u8853\u8a9e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5feb\u901f\u7ffb\u8b6f\u540d\u7a31\u548c\u7d50\u69cb<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u8b58\u5225\u751f\u5316\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u5b98\u80fd\u57fa<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4e86\u89e3\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u89e3\u8b80\u6d89\u53ca\u85e5\u7269\u3001\u4ee3\u8b1d\u7269\u548c\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u6bb5\u843d\u3002<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f\u547d\u540d\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u662f\u554f\u984c\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7126\u9ede\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u6240\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u719f\u7df4\u9019\u7a2e\u5316\u5b78\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u5c07\u4f7f\u5b78\u7fd2\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u4ee5\u53ca\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b78\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5167\u5bb9\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5bb9\u6613\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u4e2d\u5b98\u80fd\u57fa\u548cIUPAC\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\u7684\u5168\u9762\u56de\u9867 \u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u59cb\u65bc\u8a9e\u8a00\u3002\u5b78\u751f\u5728\u5206\u6790\u53cd\u61c9\u6a5f\u5236\u3001\u9810\u6e2c\u7522\u7269\u6216\u89e3\u91cb\u751f\u5316\u9014\u5f91\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u80fd\u5920\u8fa8\u8b58\u4e26\u63cf\u8ff0\u5206\u5b50\u2026 <a title=\"MCAT\u8003\u8a66\u4e2d\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1pmdaily.com\/zh_tw\/organic-chemistry-nomenclature-mcat\" aria-label=\"\u95b1\u8b80\u66f4\u591a\u95dc\u65bcMCAT\u6709\u6a5f\u5316\u5b78\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\">\u66f4\u591a\u8cc7\u8a0a<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1322,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[17,18],"class_list":["post-1321","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-learning","tag-mcat","tag-organic-chemistry","infinite-scroll-item","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.1 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Organic Chemistry Nomenclature for the MCAT - 1pmdaily.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A clear MCAT review of organic chemistry nomenclature covering IUPAC naming rules, 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